Quench Tower Optimization. ● Assessed quench tower and sulfuric acid treatment operations for automation and efficiency improvement opportunities. ● Existing absorption limitations were quantified and exploited to allow for operation with significantly less caustic and water consumption with an increase in production rates. ● Savings and production gains at the first facility were $732k-$644k per year, several other TKI facilities also are able to implement similar strategies at their facilities and realizes savings and production gains. ● Sensitivity studies conducted to ensure changes would not signifigantly increase corrosion rates or cause equipment damage even during upset conditions. Value Engineering: Laser Scanning of Existing Equipment. ● Successfully used a laser scan to identify variances in nozzle locations from the field to the design drawings. ● The data from the scan was used to create like-in-kind as-built drawings that matched the original exchanger exactly. ● New exchanger was built and installed with no piping modifications resulting in a shorter turnaround window and saving $81k in direct costs and avoiding a $420k refinery lost profit opportunity. Claus Burner Projects. ● Successfully reverse-engineered two Claus burners from different manufacturers when Covid, supply chain disruptions, and the OEM no longer being in business prevented the procurement of replacement parts or entire units. ● Identified opportunities for improvements to metallurgy, pneumatic performance, operating reliability, and ease of assembly. Implemented these changes in a compressed turnaround schedule with limited resources. ● Designed removable retrofits to allow experimental burning of SWS in a burner not originally designed for this service to provide additional capacity and redundancy. ● Both burners went on to pass 3rd party emissions tests for CO and NOx and produce at design rates. H70 Project Phase 1. ● Designed several retrofit options for the SRU 2 unit including oxygen enrichment, upgrading the tail gas unit to produce spec ABS, and debottlenecking of the Claus unit. ● Assessed proposals to reduce cost and scope of the project without compromising the required capacity and reliability requirements. ● Provided detailed redesigns of existing equipment that used recent best practices and innovations to further reduce costs by allowing existing equipment to potentially be reused for later phases. ● Participated in design and completed the commissioning of the 2nd iteration of the deodorizer unit with several new additions that minimized rework volumes as well as increased unit reliability and operability. Jupiter Sulphur Billings Emissions. ● A site/process wide assessment of tail gas unit performance was conducted. ● Several process parameters were tested, the effects of various operating targets were isolated and quantified (sensitivity study). ● Several shortcomings with longstanding equipment design practices present at other sites in addition to the one in question were identified. Tests were conducted to confirm similar performance issues across the affected sites. ● Designed gas absorber and quench tower retrofits and additional emissions reduction equipment on an extremely compressed timetable, directed the installation and commissioning of the modifications, trained the operations team on the proper use of new equipment and required operating parameters. ● All 3 units then passed 3rd party emissions tests in succession with an emissions reduction of over 77% in total PM from the pre-modification test results. ● Proposed and implemented new design standards, including novel/non-standard gas absorption equipment for new processes and facilities with additional refinements for further emissions reductions. NaHS Debottlenecking Project. ● Carefully assessed the process (including prior reports on the issues and recommended improvements) and created a detailed design to address or mitigate the known issues and maximize the production of the unit as close to the theoretical limit as possible. ● Modifications included novel/nonstandard gas contacting equipment, new best practices for spiral heat exchangers, and a high degree of flexibility to address known and unknown limitations. ● After commissioning, start-up, and tuning the unit; sustainable production rates more than double the previous values were found to be attainable on a continuous basis. ● Molekõ was able to capitalize on this production increase by securing and fulfilling much larger contracts than were previously possible. SRU 3 sulfur recovery unit and fertilizer tail gas plant addition. ● A 3rd train with 110 long tons of sulfur per day capacity was added to the Jupiter Sulphur facility in Billings Montana. ● Utilities site wide were assessed and upgraded to accommodate the increased demand of the additional third train. ● Feed gas pipelines were assessed and upgraded to accommodate the increased refinery production.

● Performed technical review of Heavy Solvent Extraction circuit, Impurity Removal Solvent Extraction circuit, Iron Uranium separation, Didymium Solvent Extraction circuit, and tank farm units, detected design and fabrication oversights, and implemented economical resolutions while minimizing effect to start up schedule. ● Developed Safe to Test inspections and punch lists to facilitate the accelerated startup of processes in Project Phoenix as a precursor to Pre-Startup Safety reviews. ● Assessed the specifications of process equipment, detected inappropriately sized equipment and equipment with incorrect materials of construction, procured appropriate replacements or implemented SOP changes as appropriate to prevent chemical release and loss of production while minimizing effect to startup schedule. ● Implemented improvements to rare earth element inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer analysis (ICP). ● Implemented auto titration programs to accurately and precisely analyze rare earth content of samples in a timely manner. ● Used laboratory and pilot scale solvent extraction circuits to validate model results for previously untested separations.